Special Region of Yogyakarta

Yogyakarta Special Region (Java: Dhaérah Istiméwa Ngayogyakarta) is a provincial-level Special Region in Indonesia which is a fusion of the Yogyakarta Sultanate State and Paku Alaman Duchy Country. Yogyakarta Special Region is located in the southern part of Java Island, and borders the Central Java Province and the Indian Ocean. This Special Region which has an area of 3,185.80 km2 consists of one municipality, and four regencies, which are further divided into 78 sub-districts, and 438 villages. According to the 2010 population census, there is a population of 3,452,390 people with a proportion of 1,705,404 men, and 1,746,986 women, and has a population density of 1,084 people per km2.

History

Before Indonesia became independent, Yogyakarta was an area that had its own government or called Zelfbestuurlandschappen / Swapraja Region, namely the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate and the Pakualaman Duchy. Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate was founded by Pangeran Mangkubumi, who was Sultan Hamengku Buwono I in 1755, while the Duchy of Pakualaman was founded by Prince Notokusumo (brother of Sultan Hamengku Buwono II) who held the title Adipati Paku Alam I in 1813. The Dutch East Indies government recognized the Sultanate and Pakualaman as kingdom with the right to regulate its own household which is stated in a political contract. The last Sultanate political contract was listed in the 1942 Staatsblaad Number 47, while the political contract.

Geography

Yogyakarta is located in the central-south part of Java Island, geographically located at 8º 30 ‘- 7º 20’ South Latitude, and 109º 40 ‘- 111º 0’ East Longitude. Based on the landscape, the DIY region can be grouped into four physiographic units, namely the physiographic unit of Merapi Volcano, the physiographic unit of the Sewu Mountains or the Seribu Mountains, the physiographic unit of the Kulon Progo Mountains, and the physiographic unit of the Lowlands.

Tourism

Tourism is a major sector for DIY. The number of objects, and tourist attraction in DIY has absorbed tourists, both foreign tourists and domestic tourists. In 2010 there were 1,456,980 tourists visiting, with 152,843 details from abroad, and 1,304,137 people from the archipelago. Forms of tourism in DIY include MICE tours (Meeting, Incentive, Convention and Exhibition), cultural tourism, natural tourism, special interest tours, and various other tourist facilities, such as resorts, hotels and restaurants.

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